农村饮水安全工程的健康绩效评估——基于多期双重差分方法的检验

Health Performance Evaluation of Rural Drinking Water Safety Project Based on Time-varying DID Method

农村饮水安全工程作为脱贫攻坚“两不愁三保障”的重要工程,是解决农村居民饮水难的关键民生政策。基于2011、2013、2015、2018年中国150个县的450个村和社区的面板数据,利用多期双重差分方法评估了农村饮水安全工程对居民健康状况的影响,并结合匹配和双重差分方法进行了进一步的稳健性检验。实证分析的结论表明:(1)中国农村饮水安全工程能够显著地改善农村居民的总体健康水平和身体机能,缓解居民的精神抑郁和躯体疼痛;(2)进一步的异质性分析发现农村饮水安全工程对女性居民的健康改善作用高于男性,尤其能够显著地缓解女性的躯体疼痛;(3)农村饮水安全工程对家庭经济条件好的居民具有显著的改善作用,对家庭经济条件差的居民则没有显著的改善作用。该研究能够为农村饮水安全工程的进一步完善提供政策参考。

As an important project of poverty alleviation,the“Rural Drinking Water Safety Project”is a key livelihood policy to solve the drinking water shortage for rural residents.Based on the panel data of 450 villages and communities from 150 counties in China in 2011,2013,2015,and 2018,the time-varying difference-in-difference method is used to evaluate the impacts of the Rural Drinking Water Safety Project on residents health conditions.In addition,a further robustness test is conducted combined with matching and the difference-in-difference method.The conclusions of the empirical analysis are as follows.①Rural Drinking Water Safety Project can significantly improve the overall health and physical functions of rural residents and relieve their mental depression and physical pain.②Further heterogeneous analysis finds that the Project has a higher effect on the health improvement of female residents than that of male residents,and especially it can significantly relieve women s physical pain.③The Project has a significant effect on the improvement of residents from good family economic conditions but cannot greatly improve residents from poor families.This paper can provide policy reference for the further improvement of the Rural Drinking Water Safety Project.