克劳斯硫黄回收装置液硫泵断轴原因分析与改进建议

Cause analysis and improvement suggestions for broken shaft of sulphur pump in Claus sulphur recovery unit

某天然气净化厂克劳斯硫黄回收装置液硫泵为长轴液下泵,使用中频繁出现断轴故障。通过对断轴进行化学成分分析、宏观和微观形貌分析、非金属夹杂物评定,并从泵的结构、操作运行和配套液硫池设计几个方面综合分析,认为当泵因滑动轴承磨损等原因出现偏心旋转时,轴受到扭转与弯曲载荷是断轴的主因,轴内非金属夹杂物多、启机瞬间扭矩大是导致断轴的次因,装置减产和配套液硫池设计不合理致使泵长时间处于低流量工况运行也对断轴有影响。从优化工艺操作、状态监测、改进启动方式、材料控制和泵的改型等方面提出了建议措施。

The sulphur pump of the Claus sulphur recovery unit in a natural gas purification plant is a long-shaft submerged pump,and the shaft breaks frequently during use.Through the chemical composition analysis,macro and micro morphology analysis,and evaluation of non-metallic inclusions in the broken shaft,and comprehensive analysis from the pump structure,operation and design of liquid sulphur pool,it is considered that when the pump is worn due to sliding bearing wear when eccentric rotation occurs due to other reasons,the shaft is subject to torsion and bending load,which is the main cause of shaft breakage.The serious non-metallic inclusions in the shaft and the large torque at the moment of starting are the secondary causes of shaft breakage.The production reduction of the device,the unreasonable design of the liquid sulphur pool and the long-term operation of the pump under low flow conditions also promotes the broken shaft.Suggestions and measures are proposed for optimizing process operations,monitoring status,improving startup methods,material control,and pump modification.