“十三五”期间湖南省资江流域锑污染时空分布及污染治理成效分析

Study on Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Antimony Pollution in Zijiang River Basin of Hunan Province during the 13th Five-Year Plan Period and Analysis on the Effectiveness of Antimony Pollution Control

为掌握“十三五”期间湖南省资江流域锑污染的总体情况和变化趋势,采用数据统计分析方法对2016—2020年该流域水质锑变化特征进行研究,同时分析锑污染时间变化趋势和空间分布情况。结果表明,“十三五”期间,资江流域锑污染整体有较明显改善,尤其资江干流下游益阳市内的锑污染明显减轻,由2016年的超标率100%到2020年全部实现达标,各断面锑的质量浓度最大降幅达55.5%。资江支流中,2020年邵水断面锑质量浓度年均值较2018年下降了13.1%。资江流域的娄底、邵阳和益阳市均采取了一系列锑污染防治措施,使得资江流域锑污染整体有较明显改善。但资江支流中邵水和平溪江污染最重断面锑质量浓度年均值仍有超标,建议“十四五”期间加强流域内涉锑企业和历史遗留污染的治理,力争尽早实现资江全流域水质的全面达标。

In order to master the overall situation and variation trend of antimony pollution of Zijiang water quality in Hunan Province during the 13th Five-Year Plan period,the data statistical analysis method is used to study the change characteristics of antimony in the water quality of Zijiang River Basin in Hunan Province from 2016 to 2020.At the same time,the temporal variation trend and spatial distribution of antimony pollution are analyzed.The results show that during the 13th Five-Year Plan period,antimony pollution in the Zijiang River basin has been improved significantly overall,especially in Yiyang,downstream of the main stream of the Zijiang River.The antimony pollution in many sections has been significantly reduced from exceeding the standard to reaching the standard by 2020.The maximum reduction in the mass concentration of antimony in the sections is 55.5%.In the tributaries of Zijiang Rive,the average antimony mass concentration in Shaoshui section decreased by 13.1%in 2020 compared with 2018.Loudi,Shaoyang and Yiyang cities in the Zijiang River basin have all taken a series of measures to prevent and control antimony pollution,which has significantly improved the overall antimony pollution in the Zijiang River basin.However,the average annual concentration of antimony in the most polluted section of Shaoshui and Pingxi River in the tributary of Zijiang River still exceeds the standard.It is suggested that the treatment of antimony related enterprises and historical pollution in the basin be strengthened during the 14th Five-Year Plan period,so as to achieve the comprehensive standard of water quality in the whole basin of Zijiang River as soon as possible.