香菇多糖构效关系、抗肿瘤作用机制及药代动力学研究进展

Advances in structure-activity relationship,anti-tumor mechanism and pharmacokinetics of lentinan

香菇多糖(lentinan,LNT)是从香菇子实体中提取纯化的最主要生物活性成分,主要为C6分支的β-(1→3)-D-吡喃葡聚糖主链结构。LNT具有显著的免疫调节及抑制肿瘤生长作用,广泛用于临床抗肿瘤辅助治疗,能有效改善肿瘤患者的生活质量。然而,由于其提取纯化工艺繁琐,构象信息和构效关系缺乏,直接抗肿瘤作用机制尚无定论,体内代谢过程不明确,极大限制了LNT的临床应用。该文主要对香菇多糖的提取方法、构效关系、抗肿瘤作用机制及药动学进行综述,以期为香菇多糖的临床合理应用提供参考。

Lentinan(LNT)is the most important bioactive component extracted and purified from the fruiting bodies of Lentinus edodes.The main chain structure of LNT isβ-(1→3)-D-glucan of C6 branch.LNT has significant immunomodulatory and suppressive effects on tumor growth,which is widely used in clinical anti-tumor adjuvant therapy and can effectively improve the quality of life of tumor patients.However,due to the complicated extraction and purification process,lack of conformational information and structure-activity relationship,inconclusive direct anti-tumor mechanism,and unclear metabolic process in vivo,the clinical application of LNT is greatly limited.Therefore,this article mainly reviewed the extraction methods,structure-activity relationship,anti-tumor mechanism and pharmacokinetics of LNT,in order to provide reference for the rational clinical use of LNT.