马克思实践感觉论的意义与指向

Marx’s Theory of Practical Sensation and Its Meaning and Direction

对马克思实践概念的进一步研究必然涉及他的实践感觉论。在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中,马克思就有关于“人的本质力量的感觉”“实践感觉”,以及“对象性的活动”等实践感觉论的表述,这些实践概念的早期表达蕴含人的本质的丰富性及其自由、解放等全面发展的价值指向。黑格尔哲学虽然对“实践感觉”有着一定的论述,但马克思的实践感觉论不仅从社会历史分析视角上表现出超越黑格尔哲学的特性,而且成为马克思在批判以往旧哲学中逐步走向唯物史观的重要因素。

Further study of Marx’s concept of practice inevitably involves his theory of practical sensation.In the Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844,Marx already had expressed the theory of practical sensation,such as“the sense of the essential power of man”“practical sensation”and“the activity of objectivity”.These became the early expressions of the concept of practice and implied the richness of human nature and the value of comprehensive development such as freedom and emancipation.Although Hegel’s philosophy had some discussion of“practical sensation”,Marx’s theory of practical sensation not only shows the nature of Marx’s transcendence of Hegel’s philosophy from a socio-historical perspective,but also demonstrates the core elements of his shift to a new materialism in his critique of the old philosophy,and the important steps towards a materialistic historical view.