本科实习护生共情疲劳现状及相关因素分析

Analysis of the current situation of empathy fatigue and related factors among undergraduate intern nursing students

目的:调查本科实习护生共情疲劳的影响因素。方法:采用一般资料问卷、中文版专业生活质量量表、杰斐逊共情量表(护生版)及灵性健康简化量表对浙江某本科院校临床实习的400名护生进行问卷调查。结果:喜欢护理学专业、共情能力、灵性健康水平是共情满意的影响因素;喜欢护理学专业、共情能力、灵性健康水平等是职业倦怠的影响因素;被带教老师认可、胜任目前实习等是继发性创伤应激的影响因素;差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:本科实习护生共情满意、职业倦怠和继发性创伤应激水平受共情能力、灵性健康水平、专业认同度及临床实习环境的影响。护理教育者应重点关注这些影响因素,并制定相应预防措施。

Objective:To investigate the factors influencing empathic fatigue in undergraduate internship nursing students.Methods:General information questionnaire,Chinese version of Professional Quality of Life Scale,Jefferson Empathy Scale(nursing student version)and Simplified Scale of Spiritual Health were used to investigate 400 nursing students in clinical internship in an undergraduate institution in Zhejiang.Results:liking the nursing profession,empathic ability and spiritual health level were the influencing factors of empathic satisfaction;liking the nursing profession,empathic ability and spiritual health level were the influencing factors of burnout;being recognized by the supervising teacher and being competent in the current internship were the influencing factors of secondary traumatic stress;all the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The levels of empathic satisfaction,burnout,and secondary traumatic stress among undergraduate intern nursing students are influenced by empathic competence,spiritual health level,professional identity,and clinical practice environment.Nursing educators should focus on these influencing factors and develop appropriate preventive measures.