人工智能在老年人消化重点病种中的应用

Applications of artificial intelligence in major gastrointestinal diseases in elderly patients

消化系统肿瘤具有恶性程度及病死率高的特点,成为老年人群重点预防的疾病。消化系统肿瘤在发生前常存在可被侦测的改变,包括出血及黏膜形态结构异常。然而肿瘤本身以及上述异常病变的精准监测仍存在诸多技术难关,是影响消化道肿瘤早期检出率的关键影响因素。近年随着人工智能(AI)在消化内镜图像分析、生物传感器、新型生物标记物等领域不断取得进展,AI有望让出血、黏膜形态结构异常与肿瘤等老年人消化重点病种的智能识别逐渐成为可能。本文从消化器官与黏膜两个层面、形态与功能两个维度,综述AI在老年人消化重点病种的应用进展,为降低老年人急症及消化道肿瘤的发生率提供参考。

Gastrointestinal tumors(GT)are characterized by both high malignancy and high mortality and have become the major diseases for prevention in the elderly.GT often present detectable changes,including bleeding and abnormal mucosal morphology.However,many technical difficulties remain in accurately monitoring the tumor itself and related abnormal lesions mentioned above,which are the key factors affecting the early detection rate of gastrointestinal tumors.In recent years,with progresses in artificial intelligence(AI)applications for digestive endoscopy image analysis,biosensors,new biomarkers and other areas,AI holds promise for the detection of bleeding,morphological and structural abnormalities of the mucosa,tumors and other major disorders.Here we review the progress of AI applications in geriatric digestive diseases affecting digestive organs and the mucosa in light of morphology and function,to provide a reference for reducing the incidence of both geriatric emergencies and GT.