正念干预在护士共情疲劳中应用的范围综述

The application of mindfulness-based intervention in nurses’compassion fatigue:a scoping review

目的对正念干预在护士共情疲劳中应用的研究进行范围审查,归纳和总结正念干预的基本内容和应用现状,为临床医护人员开展正念干预及相关研究提供参考依据。方法根据范围综述的研究方法,计算机检索中国知网、万方数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Embase、CINAHL、Web of Science、Scopus、ProQuest、Cochrane Library等国内外数据库。检索时限为建库至2022年6月15日。对纳入文献进行汇总和分析。结果共纳入26篇文献。正念干预的培训内容主要包括理论课程培训、正念技能训练、同情训练、应对压力指导和正念承诺实践;正念干预的形式主要为线下培训、线上培训及混合方式培训;正念干预理论课程培训的频率和时长多为每周1次,1.0~2.0 h/次;正念技能训练的频率和时长多为每周2~4次,<30 min/次;结局指标包括应用效果、可行性评价及应用体验。结论正念干预对改善护士共情疲劳具有积极作用。未来需进一步探索个性化正念干预方案,结合互联网、人工智能技术不断优化正念干预的内容和策略,开展更多高质量的随机对照研究,以验证其长期干预效果。

Objective To analyze and summarize the strategies to improve nurses’compassion fatigue through reviewing the application research of mindfulness-based intervention,to provide the guidance for clinical medical staff to carry out mindfulness-based intervention and related research.Methods According to the research method of scoping review,a literature search was performed in the CNKI,Wanfang,CBM,PubMed,Embase,CINAHL,Web of Science,Scopus,ProQuest,the Cochrane Library.The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of the databases to June 15,2022.The included studies were summarized and analyzed.Results A total of 26 articles were included.The main elements of mindfulness-based interventions include curriculum theory introduction,mindfulness skills training,compassion training,stress coping guidance and mindfulness commitment practice.The main forms of mindfulness intervention are offline training,online training and mixed training.The frequency and length of training for the theoretical course of mindfulness intervention is mostly once a week,and 1.0~2.0 h per session;the frequency and length of skill training is mostly 2~4 times per week,and less than 30min per session.The outcome evaluation indicators include application effectiveness,feasibility,and application experience.Conclusion Mindfulness-based intervention has a variety of content elements and implementation strategies,and has positive application effects on nurses’compassion fatigue.In the future,we need to continuously optimize the content and strategies of mindfulness intervention by combining the Internet and intelligent technologies,and conduct more high-quality randomized controlled studies to verify their long-term intervention effects.