大豆叶型调控基因Ln及其同源基因单倍型分析

Haplotype analysis of soybean leaf type regulator gene Ln and its homologous genes

大豆叶型是理想株型的重要构成部分,对大豆品种选育具有重要意义。本研究通过对来自中国不同地区的598份材料进行Ln及其同源基因(Glyma.10G273800)单倍型分析发现,Ln基因和同源基因均分别包含3种单倍型(Hap1~Hap3)。Ln基因3种单倍型之间除了叶长没有显著差异外,Hap2在叶宽、叶面积和叶长宽比中均与Hap1/Hap3差异显著。Ln同源基因的Hap3与Hap2在不同叶型表型中均有显著差异,Hap1和Hap2之间的叶长宽比没有差异,叶宽在第4节叶位点没有显著差异,第5节叶位点Hap1显著低于Hap2。叶长、叶面积、叶周长Hap1均显著低于Hap2。从地理分布来看,Ln基因的Hap2主要分布在高纬度和高海拔地区,其同源基因的3种单倍型分布未发现明显地域倾向性。遗传分析表明仅Ln基因中Hap2的D9H存在人工选择的信号,Ln基因中的另外2个突变位点和同源基因中的2个突变位点则没有人工选择的信号。本研究为大豆叶型育种提供理论依据,同时对提高大豆产量具有积极意义。

Soybean leaf type is an important component of ideal plant type,which is of great significance for the breeding of soybean varieties.In this study,we analyzed the haplotype of Ln and its homologous gene(Glyma.10G273800)in 598 materials from different regions of China.Ln gene and homologous gene contained three haplotypes(Hap1–Hap3),respectively.There was no significant difference in leaf length between the three haplotypes of Ln gene,and Hap2 was significantly different from Hap1/Hap3 in leaf width,leaf area,and leaf length width ratio.There were significant differences between Hap3 and Hap2 of Ln homologous gene in different leaf types.There was no difference in the ratio of leaf length to width between Hap1 and Hap2.There was no significant difference in leaf width phenotype at the 4th leaf site,and Hap1 at the 5th leaf site was significantly lower than Hap2.Leaf length,leaf area,and leaf circumference Hap1 were significantly lower than Hap2.In terms of geographical distribution,Hap2 of Ln gene was mainly distributed in high latitude and high altitude regions,and no obvious regional bias was detected in the distribution of the three haplotypes of its homologous genes.Genetic analysis showed that only D9H of Hap2 in Ln gene had artificial selection signal,while the other two mutation sites in Ln gene and two mutation sites in homologous gene had no artificial selection signal.This study provides the theoretical basis for soybean leaf type breeding and has positive significance for increasing soybean yield.