栽培种花生单仁重QTL定位分析

QTLs mapping for single-seed weight of cultivated peanut

花生(ArachishypogaeaL.)是我国重要的油料作物和经济作物,单仁重是决定花生产量和商品性的重要性状之一。本研究以大粒品种山花15号(母本)与小粒品种中花12号(父本)杂交构建的RIL群体为材料,基于高密度遗传图谱,在6个种植环境下进行单仁重QTL定位。在A04、A06、A07、B05、B07、B09和B10等7个染色体上共检测到9个与单仁重相关的QTL,这些QTL的LOD值为3.01~33.97、表型贡献率为2.61%~34.28%、加性效应值为-0.03~0.15 g、定位的物理区间为0.03~4.32 Mb,其中,qSSWA07.1是在6个种植环境下重复检测的单仁重主效QTL,qSSWA06.1和qSSWB09.1均在4个种植环境下重复检测到。qSSWA07.1和qSSWA06.1的加性效应为正,增效位点来自山花15号,qSSWB09.1的加性效应为负,增效位点来自中花12号,利用与qSSWA06.1、qSSWA07.1和qSSWB09.1紧密连锁的3个bin标记(A06:Block3344、A07:Block3373和B09:Block10032)的基因型分析了3个位点调控花生单仁重的累加效应,发现携带3个增效等位基因的家系的单仁重最大,而不携带增效等位基因的家系的单仁重最小。对qSSWA06.1、qSSWA07.1和qSSWB09.1标记区间内的注释基因进行KEGG代谢通路富集分析,结合基因的功能注释和在不同花生组织中的表达量差异,预测了4个候选基因(Arahy.9UY90I、Arahy.RX7YKY、Arahy.3ZC2CN和Arahy.9V2WXE)。研究结果为花生产量相关性状的遗传改良提供了参考。

Peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)is an important oil and cash crop in China,and the single-seed weight is one of the important traits that determine the yield and commodity of peanut.In this study,QTLs mapping for single-seed weight of peanut was performed using RIL population constructed from a cross between large-kernel variety Shanhua 15(female)and small-kernel variety Zhonghua 12(male),based on a high-density genetic map.Nine QTLs related to single-seed weight were identified on seven chromosomes(A04,A06,A07,B05,B07,B09,and B10).The LOD values of these QTLs was 3.01–33.97,phenotypic variation contribution rates was 2.61%–34.28%,the additive effect values were-0.03 to 0.15 g,and the physical range of positioning was 0.03–4.32 Mb.qSSWA07.1 was a stable major QTL repeatedly detected in six planting environments,and qSSWA06.1 and qSSWB09.1 were repeatedly detected in four planting environments.The additive effect of qSSWA07.1 and qSSWA06.1 were positive,and the favorable alleles were inherited from Shanhua 15.The additive effect of qSSWB09.1 was negative,and the favorable allele was inherited from Zhonghua 12.The additive effect of qSSWA06.1,qSSWA07.1,and qSSWB09.1 on peanut single-seed weight was analyzed with the genotype of three bin markers(A06:Block3344,A07:Block3373,and B09:Block10032)closely-linked with QTLs.The mean value of single-seed weight of lines with three favorable alleles was the largest,and that of the lines without the favorable alleles was the smallest.The candidate genes in qSSWA06.1,qSSWA07.1,and qSSWB09.1 were analyzed by KEGG enrichment pathway,according to the expression in different tissues and functional annotation of these genes,four candidate genes were predicted,Arahy.9UY90I,Arahy.RX7YKY,Arahy.3ZC2CN,and Arahy.9V2WXE,which may play a significant role in the regulation of peanut seed growth and development.The results provided the reference for the genetic improvement of yield related traits in peanut.