人工血管动静脉内瘘移植物感染的危险因素

Risk factors for infection in artificial vessel arteriovenous fistula graft

目的 探讨终末期肾病患者人工血管动静脉内瘘移植物感染的危险因素。方法 收集2018年1月至2022年9月于首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院接受透析治疗的150例终末期肾病患者的临床资料,按照术后是否发生人工血管动静脉内瘘移植物感染分为感染组(n=17)和对照组(n=133)。采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析终末期肾病患者术后发生人工血管动静脉内瘘移植物感染的危险因素。结果 感染组的年龄、糖尿病患者比例、长期服用免疫抑制剂的患者比例均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,年龄≥65岁、糖尿病及长期服用免疫抑制剂均是终末期肾病患者术后发生人工血管动静脉内瘘移植物感染的独立危险因素(P﹤0.05)。结论 人工血管动静脉内瘘成形术后会发生一定比例的移植物感染,年龄、糖尿病及长期服用免疫抑制剂均与终末期肾病患者人工血管动静脉内瘘成形术后发生移植物感染有关,应做好预防并及时复查。

Objective To investigate the risk factors for graft infection of artificial vascular arteriovenous fistula in patients with end-stage renal disease.Method The clinical data of 150 patients with end-stage renal disease who received dialysis in Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University from January 2018 to September 2022 were collected,the patients were divided into the infection group(n=17)and the control group(n=133)according to whether the artificial vascular arteriovenous fistula graft infection occurred after the operation.A multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the independent risk factors for graft infection after artificial vascular arteriovenous fistula plasty in patients with end-stage renal disease.Result The age,proportion of diabetes,and proportion of long-term immunosuppressants in the infection group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that age≥65 years,diabetes,and long-term use of immunosuppressants were all independent risk factors for graft infection after artificial vascular arteriovenous fistula plasty in patients with end-stage renal disease(P<0.05).Conclusion A certain proportion of graft infection will occur after artificial vascular arteriovenous fistula plasty.Age,diabetes,and long-term use of immunosuppressants are related to graft infection after artificial vascular arteriovenous fistula plasty in patients with end-stage renal disease.Therefore,prevention and timely review should be done.