医疗机构放射工作人员染色体畸变的差异分析

Differential analysis of chromosomal aberrations among radiation workers in medical institutions

目的:为了解工种、性别、在岗时间对医疗机构放射工作人员受照剂量的影响,及染色体畸变分析法与热释光个人剂量监测法对放射工作人员职业健康监护评判尺度的一致性。方法:通过logistics回归分析对某医疗机构128名放射工作人员的染色体畸变率,按照工种、性别、在岗时间3个变量进行分析,并与个人剂量监测结果构建受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)。结果:与开展X射线影像诊断放射工作人员相比,核医学工作者的染色体异常率较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),放射治疗、介入放射学工作人员染色体异常率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。性别与在岗时间对放射工作人员染色体异常率的影响差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。染色体畸变分析的异常率与个人剂量监测结果异常率(以超过1 mSv为异常)的一致性较好。结论:核医学科工作人员的受照剂量明显大于放射诊断、放射治疗及介入工作人员;放射工作人员职业健康监护的两种手段(个人剂量监测与染色体畸变分析)的评判标准不一致。

OBJECTIVE:To understand the impact of job type,gender,and employment duration on exposure doses of radiation workers in medical institutions,and to compare efficiency of chromosomal aberration analysis and thermoluminescence monitoring in assessing occupational health of the workers.METHODS:By using logistic regression analysis,the chromosomal aberration rates from different groups of radiation workers were analyzed based on three variables:job type,gender,and employment duration.The ROC curve was constructed based on individual dose monitoring results.RESULTS:Chromosome aberration rates of nuclear medicine workers were significantly higher than those who carried out X-ray imaging diagnosis(P<0.05),while the rates for radiation therapy and interventional radiology workers were not statistically significant(P>0.05).There was no significant(P>0.05)impact from gender and employment duration on the chromosome aberration rates.The consistency between the chromosome aberration analysis and the abnormal rates of thermoluminescence monitoring(assuming that it exceeded 1 mSv as abnormal)was good.CONCLUSION:The radiation exposure doses of staff in the nuclear medicine department were significantly higher than that of staff in radiation diagnosis,radiotherapy and intervention.The evaluation criteria for the two means of occupational health monitoring(personal dose monitoring and chromosome aberration analysis)of radiation workers were inconsistent.