先秦“乐舞”的泛戏剧形态考究

An Examination of the Pan-Dramatic Form of"Music and Dance"in Pre-Qin

泛戏剧形态是具有戏剧因子但未融合为一的形态。先秦“乐舞”是融合了音乐和舞蹈的艺术形式。先秦“乐舞”的因子发展各有侧重,“演员”在礼制下有一套严格细致的选拔、教育、考核、管理制度;“人物装扮”实现了外形装扮、拟态表演、“舞容”的演进;“情节故事”以颂德示事为主,表现为结构完整、逻辑清晰的宏大叙事场面。考究先秦“乐舞”因子的具体形式,寻找其泛戏剧形态与戏剧、戏曲之间的关系,追本溯源的同时总结泛戏剧形态的发展趋势及其融合方式,继而为戏曲发展注入活力。

Pan-drama is a form that has dramatic elements but is not integrated into one.Pre-Qin"music and dance"is a form of art that combines music and dance.The development of the elements of"music and dance"in the pre-Qin Dynasty had its own focus,and for the"actors"there is a strict and detailed system of selection,education,examination and management under the ritual system;the"character dressing"has evolved from appearance,mimicry,and"dance appearance";the"plot story"was mainly based on the glorification of virtue and the presentation of events,which was expressed as a grand narrative scene with a complete structure and clear logic.This paper investigates the specific forms of the"music and dance"factor of the pre-Qin Dynasty,searches for the relationship between its pan-drama form and theater and opera,traces the origin and summarizes the development trend of the pan-drama form and its integration method,and then injects vitality into the development of opera.