“强基计划”政策执行与效应实证研究——基于公共政策的创新和实施视角

An Empirical Study on the Implementation and Effectiveness of“Strengthening Basic Disciplines Plan”--From the Perspectives of Policy Innovation and Implementation

基于政策创新与政策实施视角,利用政府强基计划政策文件、高校招生文本和录取分数,采用质性分析和定量分析相结合的混合分析法,对强基计划的实施效果进行系统评估。研究发现,高校自由裁量权是关于强基计划认知与行动差异的关键变量,具体体现在政策预期与实际效果上以及不同执行主体间;通过与之前自主招生政策的比较,强基计划在人才选拔与培养上具有鲜明的特点,尤其体现在特色化、高端化、国际化、复合化的培养模式上;不同省份在强基计划与普通招录的最低录取分数线存在差异,尚无法准确判断强基生源的优劣。就长远而言,强基计划需要从政策创新、政策实施与政策评估层面加以优化,厘清政府和高校的职能边界与权责,完善招生办法、考核内容和形式,以增强政策的针对性与实效性。

From the perspectives of policy innovation and implementation,using the government’s policy document of Strengthening Basic Disciplines Plan(SBDP),college admission documents and admission scores,this study adopted a mixed analysis method including both qualitative and quantitative methods to systematically evaluate the implementation of the SBDP.The results showed that the discretion was the key variable in differentiating the cognition and action of the SBDP among different colleges and universities,which was embodied in the differences between the policy expectation and actual effect,as well as the differences among different executive bodies.Compared with the previous Independent Enrollment Policy,the SBDP has distinctive characteristics in the aspect of selection and cultivation,especially in its characteristic,high-end,international,and compound cultivation modes.Different provinces had differences in the minimum admission scores between the SBDP and the College Entrance Examination,and it may be unlikely to accurately judge the quality of SBDP students.In the long run,the SBDP needs to be optimized in terms of policy innovation,policy implementation and policy evaluation,clarifies the functional boundaries and responsibilities of the government and universities,and improves the admission ways,assessments content and forms,to enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of the policy.