2019年乌鲁木齐市伤害监测病例分布特征分析

Analysis of distribution characteristics of injury surveillance cases in Urumqi City in 2019

目的了解乌鲁木齐市伤害监测病例的流行病学特征,为制订伤害干预措施提供科学依据。方法对2019年因伤害首次在乌鲁木齐市全国伤害监测系统哨点医院门急诊就诊的病例进行横断面调查,统计分析采用χ^(2)检验。结果2019年,乌鲁木齐市3家哨点医院共报告伤害病例23528例,其中男性13707例(58.3%),女性9821例(41.7%)。15~64岁是伤害的高发年龄段,占67.2%。伤害发生原因前四位依次为跌倒/坠落(56.9%)、钝器伤(12.6%)、机动车车祸(7.7%)和刀/锐器伤(7.7%),伤害发生地点主要为家中(31.9%)、公共居住场所(20.7%)和公路街道(18.6%),伤害发生时活动主要为休闲活动(34.6%)、步行(15.5%)和工作(14.4%),伤害性质以挫伤/擦伤(37.7%)、骨折(24.5%)和扭伤/拉伤(13.2%)为主,伤害部位主要为下肢(27.6%)、头部(27.2%)和上肢(24.5%)。结论应针对15~64岁的男性人群进行伤害的健康教育、开展有针对性的防控措施与策略,做好伤害的一级预防,减少伤害的发生。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of injury surveillance cases in Urumqi City so as to provide scientific evidence for the proposal of injury interventions.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the first outpatient emergency department of the sentinel hospital of the National Injury Surveillance System in Urumqi due to injury in 2019,and theχ^(2) test was used for statistical analysis.Results In 2019,a total of 23528 injury cases were reported in three sentinel hospitals in Urumqi City,including 13707 males(58.3%)and 9821 females(41.7%).Injuries were most common between the ages of 15 and 64 years,accounting for 67.2%.The top four causes of injury were fall/drop(56.9%),blunt injury(12.6%),motor vehicle accidents(7.7%),and knife/sharp injury(7.7%).The main places of injury were homes(31.9%),public residential places(20.7%),and highways or streets(18.6%).The main activities at the time of injury were leisure activities(34.6%),walking(15.5%),and work(14.4%).The nature of injuries was mainly contusion/abrasion(37.7%),fracture(24.5%),and sprain/strain(13.2%).The main injury sites were the lower limbs(27.6%),head(27.2%),and upper limbs(24.5%).Conclusion Health education on injuries should be carried out for men aged 15-64 years,targeted prevention and control measures and strategies should be carried out,and primary prevention of injuries should be done to reduce the occurrence of injuries.