2021年沛县中医院流感监测结果分析

Analysis of surveillance results of influenza in Peixian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2021

目的分析流行性感冒监测病例的流行病学特征,为采取院内感染控制措施提供依据。方法选取沛县中医院2021年1—12月儿科门急诊和住院治疗的流感样病例520例,对其临床资料和咽、鼻拭子甲型/乙型流感病毒抗原检测结果进行分析。结果520例流感样病例中,流感病毒抗原检测阳性56例,阳性率为10.77%,其中甲、乙型流感抗原阳性率分别为0.96%、9.81%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=39.936,P<0.001);0~5岁组阳性率为13.41%,6~15岁组阳性率为5.33%,16岁以上组未检出阳性,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.026,P=0.013);流感病例主要集中在1月及10—12月,发病时间分布差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=19.746,P=0.048)。结论沛县中医院2021年流感样病例以乙型流感为主,1月及10—12月是发病高峰,存在发生院内感染甚至暴发的风险,需采取有效感控措施,以预防院内感染发生。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of influenza surveillance cases so as to provide evidence for nosocomial infection control measures.Methods A total of 520 influenza-like patients in the pediatric outpatient and emergency departments and inpatients of Peixian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January to December 2021 were selected and their clinical data,and nasal and throat swab test results were analyzed for influenza A/B virus antigen detection.Results Among 520 influenza-like cases,the influenza virus antigen test was positive in 56 cases,and the positivity rate was 10.77%,in which the positive rates of influenza A and B antigens were respectively 0.96%and 9.81%,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=39.936,P<0.001).The positive rate of the 0-5 years old group was 13.41%,the positive rate of the 6-15 years old group was 5.33%,and no positive test was detected in the group over 16 years old,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=7.026,P=0.013).Influenza cases were mainly concentrated in January and October-December,and the time distribution of incidence was statistically significant(χ^(2)=19.746,P=0.048).Conclusion The surveillance of influenza-like cases in Peixian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2021 showed that the influenza B virus is the main one,with the peak incidence in January and October to December,and there is a risk of nosocomial infection or even outbreak,and effective infection control measures are needed to prevent nosocomial infection.