西安市长安区中小学校传染病防控工作现状

Current situation of infectious disease prevention and control in primary and secondary schools in Chang’an District,Xi’an City

目的了解西安市长安区中小学传染病防控工作现状,为强化中小学传染病防控策略提供依据。方法对分层随机抽取的103所中小学校,采用问卷调查及现场检查的形式对传染病防控工作开展现状进行调研。结果59.22%(61/103)的学校按照要求设立或单独设立卫生(保健)室,63.11%(65/103)的学校按照要求配备保健教师或者卫生专业技术人员,54.37%(56/103)的学校有教室、生活区域场所和物品消毒制度与记录。仅6.80%(7/103)的学校开展学校卫生监测评价工作,7.77%(8/103)的学校具有合格有效的教室环境监测报告。小学在传染病防控日常管理的5个方面达标率均优于中学(P均<0.05)。城镇学校传染病防控日常管理中的专人负责疫情报告、因病缺勤登记追踪制度与记录、复课证明查验制度与记录3个方面的达标率分别为98.18%、81.82%、83.64%,均高于农村学校的79.17%、60.42%、62.50%(χ^(2)=9.715、5.804、5.920,P均<0.05)。农村学校卫生人员配备率为75.00%,高于城镇学校的52.73%(χ^(2)=5.461,P=0.019)。结论长安区中小学校传染病防控管理工作现况不容乐观,在日常管理制度建设与落实情况、卫生人员配备率等方面,小学优于中学;在卫生人员配备率方面,农村学校高于城镇学校。

Objective To investigate the current situation of infectious disease prevention and control in primary and secondary schools in Chang’an District,Xi’an City,so as to provide evidence for strengthening the prevention and control strategies of infectious diseases in primary and secondary schools.Methods A total of 103 primary and secondary schools were selected by a stratified random sampling method and investigated in the form of a questionnaire survey and on-site inspection for the current status of infectious disease prevention and control.Results Among the 103 primary and secondary schools,59.22%(61/103)of the schools set up health(health care)rooms as required,63.11%(65/103)of schools were equipped with health teachers or health professional technicians,54.37%(56/103)schools had disinfection systems and records for classrooms,living areas and items.Only 6.80%(7/103)schools carried out school health monitoring and evaluation,and 7.77%(8/103)schools had qualified and effective classroom environment monitoring reports.The compliance rate of primary school in five aspects of daily management of infectious disease prevention and control was better than that of middle school(all P<0.05).The special personnel in the daily management of infectious disease prevention and control in urban schools were responsible for the epidemic situation report,the registration and tracking system,and record of absence due to illness,and the inspection system and record of resumption certificate,with the compliance rates of 98.18%,81.82%,and 83.64%respectively,which were higher than 79.17%,60.42%and 62.50%in rural schools(χ^(2)=9.715,5.804 and 5.920,all P<0.05).The allocation rate of health personnel in rural schools was 75.00%,which was higher than 52.73%in urban schools(χ^(2)=5.461,P=0.019).Conclusions The current situation of infectious disease prevention and control in primary and secondary schools in Chang’an District is not optimistic.In terms of the construction and implementation of a daily management system and the allocation rate of health personnel,primary schools are better than secondary schools,and rural schools are higher than urban schools.