经济能悠闲增长吗?——有效闲暇的新人力资本效应研究

Can the Economy Grow at a Leisurely Pace?Research on the Growth Effect of New Human Capital in“Learning by Playing”

在服务业比重显著提高的现代经济体中,人力资本的积累不仅依赖教育、医疗等传统投入,对闲暇时间中非正规教育的依赖亦日益增长。通过引入有效闲暇及其“玩中学效应”(Learning by Playing),本文对上述现象进行了模型化构建,进而对传统人力资本理论进行扩展,更新了人力资本的经济增长效应。基于1995—2019年全球138个主要国家面板数据的实证结果显示,有效闲暇所引致的新人力资本通过提高劳动生产率可对经济发展产生显著的积极影响。本文的研究结论表明,高质量发展和闲暇增加后的经济增长之间存在积极的关联路径:技术进步和生活质量提高带来的居民闲暇增加经过优化配置,能塑造新人力资本、提升劳动生产率,进而有效助力我国经济实现高质量发展。

In modern economies with increasing proportion of service industry,the accumulation of human capital not only relies on traditional inputs such as education and medical care,but also increasingly relies on informal education in leisure time.This paper introduces effective leisure and“Learning by Playing”to the traditional human capital theories and updates the economic growth effect of human capital.At the same time,the panel data of 138 major countries in the world from 1995 to 2019 are selected for empirical analysis.The analysis results show that the new human capital caused by effective leisure among countries has a significant positive impact on the economic development by improving labor productivity.The conclusion of this paper is that there is a positive correlation path between economic growth with more leisure and high-quality development:with the improvement of technology and life quality,economic slowdown and increased leisure,after optimizing leisure allocation,can improve labor productivity and form new human capital,thus effectively contributing to high-quality economic growth of China.