对接试板焊接残余应力实测与数值模拟

Experimental Measurement and Numerical Simulation of Residual Stress on Butt Welding Steel Plates

使用压痕法对两副对接试板进行了表面焊接残余应力测试,并通过焊接有限元仿真获得了对接试板焊接残余应力分布规律,对比分析了表面残余应力实测和数值模拟结果。分析结果表明,焊接残余应力数值仿真结果和压痕法实测结果趋势一致,数值相差不大,残余拉应力峰值实测为599 MPa,仿真结果为597 MPa,表明数值模拟方法可预测焊接残余应力;焊缝及热影响区最大纵向残余应力属于拉应力,而最大横向残余应力为压应力,横向残余应力峰值低于纵向残余应力峰值;等效应力(Mises应力)峰值792 MPa,高于试板材料在常温下的初始屈服强度,表明该材料具有明显的加工硬化现象。

The welding residual stress of two welding steel plates is measured by the impact indentation method,and the residual stress distribution on the butt welding plate is simulated by the finite element method.The residual stress values by measurement and simulation are contrasted and analyzed.The two methods agree well with each other both on the stress value and distribution,The peak value of the residual stress by the actual measurement is 599 MPa,and that by the simulation is 597 MPa,indicating good applicability of the numerical simulation.The longitudinal residual tensile stress near the heat affected zone is larger than that of the horizontal residual compressive stress.In addition,the peak of the equivalent stress(Mises stress)is 792 MPa,higher than the yield stress at room temperature,showing the significant strain-strengthening phenomenon occurs to the material.