关于新罗王京里坊制度的几个问题

The Lifang System of the Silla Kingdom's Capital of Wanggyung

受中国“中世纪都城”形制影响,新罗国从6世纪中叶开始对其都城“王京”进行了一系列改造,主要内容之一就是在王京内实施了里坊制度。除文献记录中与王京里坊有关的史料外,近年来韩国庆州地区考古发掘工作也确认了多处统一新罗时期前后的王京里坊遗址,取得了较为重要的成果。尽管如此,在新罗王京里坊的内部结构、数量及规模问题上,学界仍存有争议。在前人研究成果基础上,通过对文献史料的梳理,可知既有研究成果中新罗王京一里坊140米见方、内部没有十字街道等观点存在问题。结合最新考古发掘资料,可以对新罗王京里坊的规模、内部结构等问题提出新的看法,即新罗王京的一个里坊普遍以280米见方,其内部结构与隋唐长安城、洛阳城的里坊一致。

Influenced by China's"Medieval Captial"system,the Silla Kingdom started to transform its capital"Wanggyung"(王京)in the middle of the 6th century.One of the main actions was the implementation of the Lifang system(里坊制)in Wanggyung.In addition to the historical documents related to Wanggyung's Lifang system,archaeological excavations in Gyeongju(庆州)in recent years have identified a number of Lifang sites of Wanggyung around the time of the unification of Silla.Nevertheless,there are still disputes in academic circles regarding the internal structure,quantity,and scale of the Lifang.By a close examination of the related historical documents,this article points out that the previous research findings such as the Lifang was 140 meters square and there were no cross streets inside are problematic.Based on the latest archaeological excavations,this article puts forward new explanations on the scale and internal structure of the Silla Wanggyung's Lifang,which argues that a Lifang of Wanggyung of Silla is generally 280 meters square,and its internal structure is the same as the Lifang of Chang'an and Luoyang in the Sui and Tang dynasties.