空间视角下我国政府卫生支出评价分析

Evaluation and Analysis of Chinese Government Health Expenditure from Spatial Perspective

目的:对我国政府卫生支出水平的空间分布特征及公平性进行评价分析,为优化政府卫生支出、促进全国卫生健康事业协调发展提供依据。方法:从空间视角出发,运用空间差异分析、集中指数法,对2011—2020年我国各省份政府卫生支出数据进行统计分析。结果:中部、东北地区的人均政府卫生支出低于东部、西部地区,而东部地区政府卫生支出占地区生产总值比重在4个地区中最低;按人口数、经济水平、床位资源为评价标准的政府卫生支出集中指数为正,显示公平性不高。结论:政府卫生支出空间分布地区间差异较大、公平性不高,应因地制宜优化中央转移支付结构、提高地方政府尤其是省级政府投入力度,促进区域政府卫生投入更加均衡。

Objective:To evaluate and analyze the spatial distribution characteristics and equity of government health expenditure in order to provide the basis for optimizing government health expenditure and promoting the coordinated development of national health service.Methods:From the spatial perspective,using spatial difference analysis and centralized index method,the data of provincial government health expenditure during 2011—2020 were statistically analyzed.Results:The per capita government health expenditure in the central and northeast regions was lower than that in the eastern and western regions,while the proportion of government health expenditure in the GDP of the eastern region was the lowest among these four regions.The concentration index of government health expenditure based on population,economic level and bed resources is positive,indicating low equity.Conclusion:The spatial distribution of government health expenditure varies greatly among regions with low equity.Therefore,the structure of central transfer payment should be optimized according to local conditions.The input of local governments,especially provincial governments,should be increased to promote a more balanced health input of regional governments.