元朝时期也里可温的信仰实践简述——以《拉班·扫马和马克西行记》为中心

A Brief Introduction to Arkaim's Faith Practice in the Yuan Dynasty--from the Perspective of Laban Sauma and Marco's Journey to the West

文章以《拉班·扫马和马克西行记》为中心,同时参考其它史料,对元朝时期也里可温的宗教实践活动进行了全面叙述。元朝时期也里可温推崇禁欲主义与隐修,流行圣徒、圣像与圣物崇拜,守斋、蓄须剃发、向东礼拜,但也存在一些信徒不持守戒律的现象,如贪财、重婚、自杀等。这与他们缺乏神学培训是有关的,也与所处环境影响相关。

Focusing on Laban Sauma and Marco's Journey to the West,and referring to other historical materials,this paper gives a comprehensive description of the religious practice of Arkaim during the Yuan Dynasty.During the Yuan Dynasty,Arkaim also advocated asceticism and seclusion,popular worship of saints,icons and sacred objects,fasting,shaving,and worshipping the east.There are also some believers who do not adhere to the precepts,such as greed,bigamy,suicide,etc.This is related to poor herding and lack of theological training,as well as to the impact of the environment,and also to factors deeply influenced by Confucian culture.