作为内在批判的法兰克福学派批判理论:思想起源与实践定位

Critical theory of the Frankfurt School as Immanent Critique:Origin of thought and Practical Orientation

在法兰克福学派批判理论的新近发展中,对内在批判路径的关注及讨论越来越多。批判理论为什么需要强调“内在批判”的方法?对这个问题的回答,需要回溯批判理论的思想起源,需要重新理解康德、黑格尔及马克思三位理性哲学家如何为“内在批判”提供了路径启示和思想资源。这种重构与回顾有助于我们在当下的语境中更好地思考“批判理论在今天意味着什么”的问题。在充斥各种批判思想形式的今天,批判理论只有强调内在批判路径的独特性及其带来的理论优势,才能继续保持生机和活力。

In the recent development of the Critical Theory of Frankfurt School,more and more attention and discussion have been paid to the immanent critique approach.Why does critical theory need to emphasize the"immanent critique"approach?To answer this question,we need to go back to the thought origin of critical theory and re-understand how Kant,Hegel and Marx,all provided path enlightenment and thought resources for"internal criticism".This kind of reconstruction and review helps us to think better about"what does critical theory mean today"in the current context.Nowadays,with all kinds of critical thought forms,critical theory can keep its vigor and vitality only by emphasizing the uniqueness of internal critical path and its theoretical advantages.