论马克思异化理论对黑格尔劳动伦理观的颠倒

The Research of the Reversal of Hegel's Values about Labor by Marx's Theory of Alienation

黑格尔在市民社会论中,试图从市民社会“需要的体系”中发现近代社会的普遍性,并赋予劳动以抽象的普遍性。马克思异化理论与黑格尔市民社会论具有同样的问题域,不同之处在于马克思将黑格尔趋向国家伦理实体的劳动叙事,转变为趋向政治经济学批判的劳动叙事。虽然,异化理论通常被认为是早期马克思的理论主题,但是,根据日本宇野学派的观点,异化理论在《资本论》的流通理论中才最终得以实现。这一实现,完成了马克思对黑格尔劳动伦理观的双重颠倒,由此指出资本主义社会异化状态的理论根源和实践出路。这为中国应对新一轮传统劳动正义观冲击和构建新型劳动关系,提供了理论反思和实践指导。

In his theory of civil society,Hegel tries to find the universality of modern society from the“system of needs”of civil society,and endow labor with abstract universality.Marx's theory of alienation shares the same problem domain with Hegel's theory of civil society,but the difference lies in that Marx transforms Hegel's labor narrative,which tends to state ethical entity,into the labor narrative,which tends to the critique of political economy.Although the theory of alienation is usually regarded as the theoretical theme of early Marx,according to the viewpoint of the Japanese Uno School,the theory of alienation is finally realized in the circulation theory of Das Kapital.This realization completes Marx's double reversal of Hegel's labor ethics,and points out the theoretical root and practical outlet of capitalist social alienation.This provides theoretical reflection and practical guidance for China to cope with the impact of the new round of traditional labor justice concept and construct new labor relations.