青年恩格斯之路与马克思主义城市哲学的开创——论《英国工人阶级状况》一书的历史意义与当代价值

Young Engels's Way and the Creation of Marxist Urban Philosophy——On the Historical Significance and Contemporary Value of the Conditions of the Working Class in Britain

关于恩格斯对马克思主义哲学的贡献问题,向来有“另一条道路说”与“第二提琴手说”之争。在相当长一段时间里,恩格斯在马克思主义发展史上的形象被定格为他本人所说的“第二提琴手”的形象一位置上,而他事实上所具有的独创性意义的贡献被遮蔽了,甚至背上了“马克思思想的歪曲者与反对者”的恶名。本文通过研究其青年时代最重要著作《英国工人阶级状况》出版一百七十五年以来的传播史理解史,为“另一条道路说”正名且作新解,旨在说明:恩格斯的重要性不仅仅在于他晚年对马克思学说的系统化通俗化说明,而且在于他青年时代独立探索的另一条研究历史唯物主义之路的原创性意义。这种意义在今天的表现之一就是被一些西方学者片面强调、极端发挥的所谓“恩格斯是马克思主义城市哲学思想之开创者”的说法。

As for Engels'contribution to Marxist philosophy,there has always been a dispute between"another way"aand"the second violinist".For quite a long time,Engels'image in the history of Marxist development was fixed as the image position of what he himself called"the second violinist".In fact,his original contributions were covered up,and even he got a bad reputation as a"twister and opponent of Marx's thought".This paper studies the understanding history of the communication history of his most important work in his youth.The Conditions of the British Working Class,since its publication for 175 years,so as to rectify the name of"another way"and make a new explanation that the importance of Engels lies not only in his systematic and popularized explanation of Marxism in his later years,but also in the original significance of another road of researching historical materialism that he explored independently in his youth.One of the manifestations of this significance today is the so-called"Engels is the founder of Marxist Urban Philosophy",which is one-sided emphasized and extremely developed by some western scholars.