大藤峡水利枢纽建设对珠江鱼类早期资源的影响分析

Impact analysis of the construction of the Datengxia water control project for early stage fish resources in the Pearl River Basin

农业农村部珠江中下游渔业资源环境科学观测实验站于2006-2021年连续16年对珠江漂流性鱼卵、仔鱼的调查监测结果显示,大藤峡水利枢纽施工期造成了46.2%的鱼类产卵场功能丧失,蓄水后造成了76.9%的鱼类产卵场功能丧失,鱼类早期资源呈现急剧衰退趋势。鉴于珠江鱼类早期资源面临的严峻形势,建议国家相关部委和地方渔业、水利等主管部门加大重视力度,尽快落实渔业资源养护措施,开展重点水域鱼类栖息地保护区建设和常年禁捕政策制定、水利工程生态调度机制研究、涉渔工程生态补偿措施落实专项检查、渔业资源环境专项跟踪监测等工作,切实保护珠江流域鱼类早期资源等水生生物资源,维护流域生态系统安全。

Based on the investigation and monitoring results of drifting fish eggs and larvae fish in the Pearl River for 16 years from 2006 to 2021,which is completed by Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Pearl River.The study found that 46.2%and 76.9%of the fish spawning grounds had lost their functions during the construction and impoundment period of the Datengxia water control project,which indicated that the increasingly scarce trend of early stage fish resources in the Pearl River.Therefore,in order to protect the aquatic biological resources conservation and security of basin ecosystem,some suggestions of more attention and conservation to fishery resources in the Pearl River are proposed for national ministries and local fishery and water conservancy administrative department,such as construction of fish breeding habitat reserve and policy-making of perennial fishing ban,macroscale studies on ecological operation in water conservancy projects,special inspection for ecological compensation of fisheries projects,special monitoring for fishery resources and environment and so on.