人工智能对制造业细分行业就业的差异化影响

Differential Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Employment in Segmented Manufacturing Industries

人工智能是进入21世纪以来最重要的一场技术变革,当前已经成为大众聚焦的新热点和国际竞争的关注点。产业融合人工智能技术不仅为产业中的各企业带来转型升级的巨大机会,同时也对就业结构产生影响。文章聚焦于制造业融合人工智能技术的场景,在分析人工智能与制造业细分行业融合情况、不同技能劳动力市场供求情况的基础上,从理论上分析人工智能技术的进步对制造业企业就业的影响,构建PSM-DID实证模型,将智能制造企业划分为不同类别,分类考察不同细分制造业企业在人工智能技术出现前后对劳动力就业的影响,最终提出制造业企业高效智能转型升级的方法以及解决劳动者相关就业问题的有效建议。

Artificial Intelligence is the most significant technological revolution since we entered the 21st century,and has become a new focus of public attention and international competition.Industrial integration with AI technology not only brings huge opportunities for transformation and upgrading of enterprises,but also has an impact on employment structure.This thesis focuses on fusion of segmented manufacturing industries integrating AI,analyzes progress of integration and supply-and-demand of labor market,discusses the impact of AI technology to manufacturing employment theoretically and constructs PSM-DID model.After dividing these intelligent manufacturing enterprises into different categories,this paper inspects into influences on different sector of manufacturing enterprise's employment before and after integrating AI technology,finally puts forward efficient methods of transformation and upgrading of manufacturing enterprises and effective suggestions to solve problems on employment structure.