算法治理中的算法公共性及其实现

Publicity of Algorithms and Its Realization in Algorithmic Governance

随着公共事务治理场景中算法工具的广泛应用,算法治理逐渐成为公共管理或治理的新形态。算法治理以公共利益或公共价值的实现为根本目标。而基于技术政治视角的分析揭示了算法的政治性,它不仅可以被应用于实现特定政治意图,其本身的技术特性也会与特定政治价值相关联并产生社会政治影响。因此算法自身的公共性应当成为算法治理的重要基础。算法公共性包括算法的公益性、公开性与公平性三个方面,它们在现实治理实践中面临着异化风险。算法公共性的实现需要一种参与式设计的新理念,它强调通过算法设计过程中多元主体的广泛参与来实现社会整体价值的嵌入与算法技术发展方向的调整,从而使算法的技术属性更好地契合公共性价值。

With the widespread use of algorithmic tools in the context of public affairs governance,algorithmic governance is gradually becoming a new form of public management or governance.The fundamental goal of algorithmic governance is the realization of public interest or public values.From a techno-political perspective,this paper reveals the political nature of algorithms,which can be applied to achieve specific political intentions.Moreover,their own technical characteristics can also be associated with specific political values and have socio-political implications.Thus,the publicity of the algorithm itself should be an important basis for algorithmic governance.The publicity of algorithms includes the public good,openness and fairness of algorithms,which face the risk of alienation in real governance practices.The realization of algorithm publicity requires a new idea of participatory design,which emphasizes the embedding of overall social values and adjustment of algorithm technology development direction through the extensive participation of multiple subjects in the algorithm design process.This approach will enable the technical properties of algorithms can better fit the public values.