基于环境友好的绿色反溶剂法的高效CH_(3)NH_(3)PbI_(3)钙钛矿太阳能电池

Environment-friendly high-efficiency CH_(3)NH_(3)PbI_(3) perovskite solar cells fabrication based on green antisolvent method

CH_(3)NH_(3)PbI_(3)(MAPbI_(3))钙钛矿电池的能量转换效率与钙钛矿薄膜质量密切相关。为了获得高质量的钙钛矿薄膜,通过优化薄膜制备方法和工艺流程,发现绿色反溶剂乙酸丙酯和丙二醇甲醚能促进PbI2粒子的成核,提供CH_(3)NH_(3)PbI_(3)钙钛矿晶体的异相成核位点,从而促进钙钛矿晶体的快速生长。研究表明,与常用的有毒溶剂氯苯处理的钙钛矿薄膜相比,通过乙酸丙酯和丙二醇甲醚处理的薄膜晶粒较大,均方根值较低,表面粗糙度获得较大优化,可以获得晶粒尺寸均匀、接近钙钛矿载流子扩散长度的全覆盖钙钛矿薄膜。测试不同处理条件下的器件性能发现,与氯苯处理的CH_(3)NH_(3)PbI_(3)钙钛矿太阳能电池(能量转换效率为17.86%)相比,绿色反溶剂丙二醇甲醚处理的器件的最佳效率为21.60%,提高近21%,该实验结果对今后获得环境友好的高质量钙钛矿型太阳能电池具有一定的参考价值和指导意义。

The energy conversion efficiency of CH_(3)NH_(3)PbI_(3)(MAPPbI_(3))perovskite solar cells is closely related to the quality of the perovskite film.To obtain high quality perovskite films,the film preparation method and process were optimized.It was found that the green solvents,propylene glycol methyl ether acetate and glycerol,can promote nucleation of PbI 2 particles,provide heterogeneous nucleation sites for CH_(3)NH_(3)PbI_(3) perovskite crystals,and thus facilitate the rapid growth of perovskite crystals.Compared to perovskite films treated with the common toxic solvent chlorobenzene,films treated with propylene glycol methyl ether acetate and glycerol have larger grain size,lower root-mean-square value,and greater surface roughness optimization.This can result in a uniform,full-coverage perovskite film that is close to the perovskite carrier diffusion length.The performance of devices under different treatment conditions was tested and it was found that compared to CH_(3)NH_(3)PbI_(3) perovskite solar cells treated with chlorobenzene(energy conversion efficiency of 17.86%),the device treated with green solvent glycerol had the highest efficiency of 21.60%,which is an increase of nearly 21%.These experimental results have some reference value and guiding significance for researchers in this field to obtain environmentally friendly high-quality perovskite type solar cells in the future.