近十年我国基层医疗卫生资源配置公平性研究

Study on the Equity in the Allocation of Primary Medical and Health Resources in China in the Last Decade

目的:分析近十年我国基层医疗卫生资源配置公平性,为优化资源配置提供依据。方法:利用集中指数、泰尔指数,对我国2012—2021年基层医疗卫生资源配置公平性进行分析。结果:近十年,我国基层医疗卫生资源总量以较快速度增加,资源配置总体公平性较好,但区域内和城乡间的配置公平性差异较大;2021年每万人口基层医疗卫生机构数、床位数、卫生人员数和全科医生数的集中指数分别为-0.2518、-0.1628、-0.1475、0.0269,泰尔指数分别为0.2099、0.1036、0.1451、0.1055。结论:推动乡村振兴与城乡医疗卫生资源配置公平性的融合发展,引导医疗卫生资源合理流动,加强偏远、贫困地区人才队伍建设,逐步解决区域内基层医疗卫生资源配置不公平问题。

Objective To analyze the equity in the allocation of primary medical and health resources in China in the last decade,so as to provide evidence for further optimization of resource allocation.Methods Concentration index and Theil index were used to analyze the equity in the allocation of primary medical and health resources in China from 2012 to 2021.Results In the past decade,the total amount of primary medical and health resources in China has increased rapidly,and the equity of resource allocation was generally good.However,there were significant differences in allocation equity within regions and between urban and rural areas.The concentration index of the number of institutions,the number of beds,the number of health personnel and the number of general practitioners per 1000 population in 2021 was-0.2518,-0.1628,-0.1475 and 0.0269,respectively.Theil index was 0.2099,0.1036,0.1451 and 0.1055,respectively.Conclusion It is necessary to promote the integrated development of rural revitalization and the equity in the allocation of medical and health resources between urban and rural areas,guide the rational flow of medical and health resources,strengthen the construction of talent team in remote and poor areas,and gradually address the issue of unfair allocation of primary medical and health resources in the region.