废旧锂离子电池回收工艺研究进展及其安全风险分析

Research progress of waste lithium-ion battery recycling process and its safety risk analysis

随着锂离子电池(LIBs)市场的快速增长,探索回收退役LIBs的有效策略已成为迫在眉睫的问题。未来,资源化回收将受到广泛关注。资源化回收既可以解决有价金属锂、镍、钴、锰资源短缺的问题,又可抑制废旧电池堆积而引起的危害,但运输、存储以及金属富集过程中的安全性问题仍得不到保障。针对退役电池回收工艺研究进展进行综述,重点对整个回收过程,包括运输存储、预处理、金属富集等步骤进行了全过程安全风险分析。通过对退役电池回收过程中的安全风险进行全面分析和梳理,旨在为国内外企业后续的电池回收方案提供参考。

With the rapid growth of the lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)market,exploring effective strategies to recycle retired LIBs has become an urgent issue.In the future,resource-based recycling will receive wide attention.Resource-based recycling can not only solve the problem of shortage of valuable metals such as lithium,nickel,cobalt and manganese,but also solve the hazards caused by the accumulation of used batteries.However,the safety of transportation,storage and metal enrichment processes cannot be guaranteed.In this paper,we review the progress of the recycling process of retired LIBs,and focus on the safety risk analysis of the whole recycling process,including transportation,storage,pretreatment and metal enrichment.By analyzing and organizing the safety risks in the recycling process of retired LIBs,we hope to provide guidance for the subsequent battery recycling programs of domestic and foreign enterprises.