乳酸与运动:是敌是友?

Lactate and Exercise:Friend or Foe?

乳酸是葡萄糖或糖原经过糖酵解无氧代谢过程的最终产物。长期以来,乳酸被广泛认为是导致运动能力下降和运动疲劳的代谢废物。然而,近年研究发现,乳酸在机体中具有重要作用:1)乳酸作为能量底物和糖异生前体,不是导致代谢性酸中毒的原因,反而起到缓冲作用;2)乳酸穿梭作用于靶向部位,发挥细胞间信号传导的信使作用;3)乳酸既是脑的重要能源物质,又可以介导运动改善认知和记忆的过程。

Lactate is the final product of glucose or glycogen after glycolysis and anaerobic metabolism.Lactate has long been widely regarded as a metabolic waste that leads to decreased exercise capacity and exercise fatigue.However,in recent years,studies have found that lactate plays an important role in the organism:1)As an energy substrate and gluconeogenic precursor,lactate is not the cause of metabolic acidosis,but rather acts as a buffer;2)lactate shuttles to target sites and acts as a messenger for intercellular signal transduction;3)lactate is both an important energy substance for the brain and mediates exercise to improve cognition and memory.