铀矿通风网络中氡及氡子体浓度的解算与调控

Calculation and regulation of radon and radon progeny concentration in uranium mine ventilation network

在铀矿井中工作人员受到的辐射主要来源于氡及氡子体。为减少铀矿工作人员受到的氡致辐射剂量,须在确保入风质量的基础上向井下提供充足可靠的降氡风量。为此,依据通风网络解算理论、核素衰变理论和紊流传质理论,建立了通风网络中氡及氡子体浓度的解算模型,采用MATLAB软件,依据提出的模型对某硬岩铀矿山具体支路中的氡及氡子体浓度分布进行解算与分析。结果表明:1)该解算模型能对单支路、多支路及含有局部氡源的通风网络的氡及氡子体浓度进行分析;2)能结合氡及氡子体防护要求,判断氡及氡子体浓度超过限值的支路,并在修正风量较小的情况下采用风量调节法解算出最优降氡及氡子体风量和风机运行风压。

The radiation dose received by workers in uranium mines mainly comes from radon and radon progeny.In order to reduce the radiation dose caused by radon in uranium mine,it is necessary to provide sufficient and reliable radon reduction air volume to the underground on the basis of ensuring the air quality.Therefore,according to the ventilation network calculation theory,radionuclide decay theory and turbulent mass transfer theory,the calculation model of radon and radon progeny concentration in ventilation network is established.Using MATLAB software,according to the proposed model,the radon and radon progeny concentration distribution in the specific branch of a hard rock uranium mine is calculated and analyzed.The results show that:1)the solution model can analyze the radon and radon progeny concentration of single branch,multi branch and ventilation network with local radon source;2)According to the protection requirements against radon and radon progeny,the branch with the concentration of radon and radon progeny exceeding the limit can be judged,and the optimal air volume of radon and radon progeny reduction as well as the wind pressure of fan operation can be calculated by air volume adjustment method when the corrected air volume is small.