荒漠化治理综合效益评估——以柯柯牙工程为例

Comprehensive Benefit Evaluation of Desertification Control-Take Keke Dental Engineering as an Example

荒漠化治理是干旱、半干旱地区生态治理的重要内容。评估荒漠化治理工程的综合效益对沙区生态经济综合效益具有重要意义。本文以柯柯牙工程为例,结合生态学、经济学、土壤学等交叉学科的知识,梳理总结了柯柯牙工程的评估内容,分析了经济效益、生态效益、社会效益适用的评估方法,构建了评估荒漠化治理工程综合效益的评价指标体系,对典型模式的荒漠化治理工程综合效益进行了评价。综合分析结果:(1)结合柯柯牙工程的修复技术和修复机理,构建了一套综合效益评估体系。其中经济效益包括取用材林效益、食用产品效益、节水效益和旅游观光效益;生态效益包括涵养水源效益、固碳释氧效益、净化环境效益、保育土壤效益、生物多样性效益、森林防护效益、林木生产营养物质效益和防风固沙效益;社会效益包括娱乐文化效益、人类身体健康效益和劳动力就业效益。(2)截至2020年,柯柯牙工程综合效益为1.14千亿元。经济效益198.97亿元、生态效益734.11亿元、社会效益205.81亿元,生态效益和社会效益均超过了经济效益。(3)柯柯牙工程综合效益中,保育土壤效益、林木生产营养物质效益、食用产品效益、劳动力就业效益占其83.53%,而森林防护效益、人类身体健康效益、防风固沙效益、生物多样性效益等占16.47%。

Desertification control is an important content of ecological control in arid and semi-arid areas.It is of great significance to evaluate the comprehensive benefits of desertification control projects.Taking Kekeya project as an example,combined with the knowledge of ecology,economics,soil science and other interdisciplinary subjects,this paper combed and summarized the evaluation contents of Kekeya project,analyzed the applicable evaluation methods of economic benefits,ecological benefits and social benefits,constructed an evaluation index system to evaluate the comprehensive benefits of desertification control projects,and evaluated the comprehensive benefits of typical desertification control projects.Through comprehensive analysis,it is found that:(1)A set of comprehensive benefit evaluation system is constructed by combining the restoration technology and mechanism of Keke dental project.Among them,the economic benefits include the benefits of taking timber forest,edible products,water saving and tourism.Ecological benefits include water conservation benefits,carbon fixation and oxygen release benefits,environmental purification benefits,soil conservation benefits,biodiversity benefits,forest protection benefits,forest tree production of nutrients benefits and wind and sand fixation benefits;Social benefits include entertainment and cultural benefits,human health benefits and labor employment benefits(.2)By 2020,the comprehensive benefit of Keke Dental Project will be 113.888 billion yuan.The economic benefit is 1,989,696,143 yuan,the ecological benefit is 7,341,121,799 yuan,and the social benefit is 2,058,053,969 yuan.The ecological and social benefits both exceed the economic benefits.(3)Among the comprehensive benefits of Kekeya project,the benefits of soil conservation,forest tree production of nutrients,edible products and labor employment account for 83.53%,while the benefits of forest protection,human health,wind and sand fixation and biodiversity account for 16.47%.