日本学者吉川幸次郎的中国词学研究

A Study on Chinese Ci Poetics by Japanese Scholar Yoshigawa Kōziro

吉川幸次郎对中国文学的研究是全面的,关于词的起源问题,他把握住了诗与词的关系,也注重从创作主体的需求这个角度去探讨。吉川幸次郎认为,诗和词是宋代的主流文学,但词比诗更能体现宋人的抒情精神。“雅俗”是吉川幸次郎论及词的一个重要维度,他关注的主要是语言层面,认为混用俗语是北宋词的普遍现象,而修辞性是南宋词的一大特征,指出南宋的词和六朝齐梁的文学一样,在中国文学中最讲究修辞。吉川幸次郎对清词的关注建构起了他研究中国词学的整体视野。

Yoshigawa Kōziro conducted a comprehensive study on Chinese literature.He explored the origin of Ci from the relationship between poetry and Ci as well as the needs of the writers.Yoshigawa Kōziro believed that poetry and Ci reflected the mainstream literature in the Song Dynasty,but Ci could better reflect the lyric spirit than poetry.He mainly focused on the language and took“elegance and secularity”as an important research dimension.He believed that the mixed use of colloquial language was a common phenomenon in the Northern Song Dynasty,and rhetoricity was a major feature.Ci of the Southern Song Dynasty,just like the literature of the Qi and Liang Dynasties of the Six Dynasties,gave more attention to rhetoricity in Chinese literature.His research on Ci in the Qing Dynasty constructed his overall vision of studying Chinese Ci Poetics.