熔体微分静电纺聚乳酸超细纤维膜热压增强工艺及性能研究

Study on hot-pressing enhancement process and properties of melt differential electrospinning polylactic acid ultrafine fiber membrane

可降解材料高强透气纤维膜在食品、药品包装等领域需求迫切。为了解决这一问题,提出了一种聚乳酸包装膜制备技术。采用单因素实验探究了热压温度、压力和时间对熔体微分电纺聚乳酸微纳米纤维膜拉伸强度和断裂伸长率的影响;使用Design-Expert 11软件设计实验并对实验结果进行分析,利用响应面法优化纤维膜热压工艺参数,并对得到的最佳值进行了实验验证。结果表明:经响应面法优化后的最佳热压工艺参数为热压温度40℃、热压压力4 MPa、热压时间6 s,此条件处理后的聚乳酸纤维热压膜单向平均拉伸强度为27.613 MPa,相较未处理纤维膜拉伸强度提升149.89%,与预测值的相对误差为0.684%,证明拟合效果良好。热压处理可有效增强熔体微分电纺聚乳酸纤维膜的拉伸强度,提高聚乳酸纤维膜产品在包装领域的应用潜力。

There is an urgent demand for degradable high-strength breathable membranes in the fields of food and pharmaceutical packaging.To address this issue,a technology to prepare poly(lactic acid)(PLA)packaging membranes was proposed in this paper.The effects of hot-pressing temperature,pressure,and time on the tensile strength and elongation at break of melt differential electrospun PLA micro-nanofiber membranes were investigated through single factor experiments.The Design-Expert 11 software was used to design experiments and analyze the experimental results.Response surface methodology was used to optimize the process parameters of fiber membrane hot pressing,and the obtained optimal value was verified through experiments.The results indicated that the optimal hot-pressing process parameters were determined to be a hot-pressing temperature of 40℃,a hot-pressing pressure of 4 MPa,and a hot-pressing time of 6 s on the basis of the response surface method.The unidirectional average tensile strength of the PLA fiber hot-pressed membrane treated under this condition was 27.613 MPa,which was 149.89%higher than that of untreated fiber membrane.This datum has a relative error of 0.684%with the predicted value,indicating a good fitting effect.The hot-pressing treatment can enhance the tensile strength of melt differential electrospun PLA fiber membranes effectively and therefore improve the application potential of PLA fiber membrane products in the field of packaging.