黄河流域乡村人居环境质量评价、区域差异及动态演进

Evaluation,Regional Differences and Dynamic Evolution of Rural Residential Environment Quality in the Yellow River Basin

乡村人居环境建设是乡村振兴战略深入推进的重要保障,也是关乎农业发展、农村建设、农民生活的重要评价尺度。基于环境卫生、经济发展、基础设施及公共服务四个维度构建乡村人居环境质量评价体系,对2011—2020年黄河流域9省乡村人居环境质量进行评价并研究其区域差异,选取2011年、2014年、2017年及2020年各省得分数据探究其动态演进趋势。研究结果表明:黄河流域9省乡村人居环境质量梯度效应显著,高值“排头区”仅有山东省,较高值“领跑区”包括山西省、四川省及内蒙古自治区,较低值“追赶区”包括河南省及宁夏自治区,低值“潜力区”包括陕西省、甘肃省及青海省,在空间分布上呈现“东高西低”的特征;各子系统分异由大到小依次为基础设施、公共服务、环境卫生及经济发展;黄河流域乡村人居环境质量整体呈稳步上升趋势,各省之间发展的绝对差异逐步下降。

The construction of rural human settlements is an important guarantee for the in-depth promotion of the rural revitalization strategy,as well as an important evaluation criterion related to agricultural development,rural construction,and farmers lives.Based on the four dimensions of environmental health,economic development,infrastructure,and public services,a rural human settlements quality evaluation system was constructed.The quality of rural human settlements in nine provinces of the Yellow River Basin from 2011 to 2020 was evaluated and their regional differences were studied.The dynamic evolution trend was explored using the score data of each province in 2011,2014,2017,and 2020.The research results show that the gradient effect of rural human settlements quality in 9 provinces of the Yellow River Basin is significant,with only Shandong Province as the high value"leading area",Shanxi Province,Sichuan Province,and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as the high value"leading area",Henan Province and Ningxia Autonomous Region as the low value"catching up area",and Shaanxi Province,Gansu Province,and Qinghai Province as the low value"potential area".The spatial distribution shows the characteristics of"high in the east and low in the west";The differentiation of each subsystem from large to small is in order of infrastructure,public services,environmental health,and economic development;The overall quality of rural human settlements in the Yellow River Basin has shown a steady upward trend,while the absolute difference in development among provinces has gradually decreased.