“四水四定”制度体系构建思考

Considerations of building a mechanism of“defining city,land,population and production by water”

建立“四水四定”制度体系是发挥水资源刚性约束的关键措施。从宏观和微观层面分析重点用水行业落实水资源刚性约束政策的情况,有些政策较好地体现了水资源约束的“刚性”要求,有些政策还存在差距。梳理生态环境监管、能源行业监管、土地资源监管等行业刚性约束监管经验,在组织层面、管理指标设置、考核及监管措施方面值得借鉴,并提出“四水四定”制度体系构建的工作重点包括加快建立水资源刚性约束制度,建立健全水资源刚性约束部际联席会议制度,适时启动水资源短缺和超载地区名录制度,强化水资源在产业准入中的约束作用,适时调整农业财政补贴政策等。

Building a mechanism of defining city,land,population,and production by water is a key measure for maximizing the role of rigid constraints on water resources.This article analyzes the implementation of water resource rigid constraint policies in key industries from both macro and micro perspectives,and finds that some policies better reflect the features of“rigid”constraints,while others do not.By summarizing the monitoring and supervision practices of various departments,such as ecological environment,energy,and land resources,and referencing experiences in organization,management indicators,assessment,and regulatory measures,this article proposes the construction of a“defining city,land,population,and production by water”mechanism.The proposed system includes establishing a rigid constraint system for water resources,building or perfecting the inter-ministerial joint meeting system,launching a list for water resource shortage and overdrafting areas,strengthening the role of water to control industrial access,and adjusting policies of agricultural financial subsidies in a timely manner.