同时参与电力和碳市场的虚拟电厂优化调度研究

Research on Optimal Scheduling of Virtual Power Plants in Both Power Market and Carbon Market

随着虚拟电厂的迅速发展,在“双碳”政策背景下降低其碳排放水平是当前研究的重点。需要考虑碳排放约束和需求侧响应来研究虚拟电厂(virtual power plant,VPP),同时参与电力现货市场和碳市场时的整体收益最优问题。首先,对于风光出力的波动性问题利用场景分析方法来进行描述;其次,采用条件风险价值作为VPP收益的风险测度;然后构建了包含各种能源的VPP同时参与现货市场和碳市场的决策模型,以满足碳排放约束为前提、VPP收益最大化为目标,得到VPP最优经济调度。通过算例分析表明,同时参与电力和碳市场后VPP整体的收益得到提升,且考虑需求响应后对负荷曲线起到一定的平滑作用。研究结果为VPP参与两个市场同时获得经济和环保效益提供参考。

With the prompt development of virtual power plants,reducing their carbon emission level under the policy background of“Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutralizing”is the focus of current research.It is necessary to consider carbon emission constraints and demand-side response to study virtual power plant(VPP),and at the same time consider the overall revenue optimization problem when participating in the electricity spot market and carbon market.Firstly,the volatility of wind and solar output was described by the scenario analysis method;secondly,the conditional value-at-risk was used as a risk measure for VPP returns;then a decision-making model for VPP including various energy sources to participate in both the spot market and the carbon market was constructed,so as to meet the carbon emission constraints as the premise and the VPP revenue maximization as the goal to obtain the VPP optimal economic dispatch.The calculation examples show that the overall revenue of VPP is improved after participating in both power market and carbon market at the same time,and a certain smoothing effect will also be got to the load curve after considering the demand response.The results of this study provide a reference for the economic and environmental benefits that VPP can obtain by participating in the two markets at the same time.