国内祖辈参与养育研究现状及问题分析

Analysis on the Present Situation and Problems of the Research on Chinese Model of Grandparenting

自古以来,祖辈在我国家庭养育中就扮演着重要角色。然而,我国关于祖辈相关问题的研究起步较晚。近年来,在高龄少子化的人口结构特征、双职工父母群体不断扩大、社会支持服务缺失等众多因素的影响下,儿童照料呈现“再家庭化”趋势,家庭与社会对祖辈参与养育的需求不断增强。在这一背景下,国内有关祖辈参与养育的研究热度高涨。通过梳理发现,已有研究在核心概念、研究对象、研究工具以及价值取向四个方面存在问题。基于以上问题,提出科学界定并规范使用相关概念,完善多元化评价指标体系,加强追踪研究、重点探讨有中国特色的实践问题以及完善支持性的家庭服务政策等研究建议,以期未来研究能对祖辈参与养育现象做更全面、更客观的调查与分析。

Since ancient times,grandparents have played an important role in family upbringing.However,the research on the related issues of grandparenting in China started late.In recent years,under the influence of many factors,such as the demographic characteristics of the elderly with fewer children,the expanding numbers of dual working parents,and the lack of social supportive services,the care of children has the tendency to return to the family itself,and the demand of grandparenting from families and society has been increasing.In this context,there are increasing domestic studies on grandparenting.Based on reviewing the existing literature,it is found that the existing research has problems in four aspects:core concepts,research objects,research tools and value orientation.Based on these problems,this paper puts forward some research suggestions,such as scientifically defining and standardizing the use of relevant concepts,diversifying evaluation system,strengthening tracking research,focusing on practical issues with Chinese characteristics,and improving supportive family service policies,so as to make a more comprehensive and objective investigation and analysis on grandparenting in future research.