重大移民搬迁历史城镇“社会-空间”变迁及其整体性保护探讨--以重庆龚滩古镇的实证研究为例

Discussion on Socio-Spatial Changes and Integrated Protection of Major Immigrants Relocating Historic Towns:Taking the Gongtan Ancient Town in Chongqing as an Example

针对历史城镇在国家重天建设工程中的移民搬迁现象,文章选择因国家水电站建设而整体搬迁的重庆龚滩古镇为典型研究对象,解析历史城镇"社会网络一空间"变迁的特征。文章通过对2006—2020年移民搬迁过程中居民社会关系数据的提取与分析,构建搬迁前、中、后三个时间节点的社会网络拓扑结构模型;依据网络密度、"k-核"比例指标,计算社会网络紧密度、稳定性的变化特征;通过分析血缘、地缘、业缘关系演变过程中对应的物质载体变化,揭示历史城镇移民搬迁过程中社会网络变迁的空间机制,并根据"模型构建-网络结构优化-规划实践"的技术流程,探索融合物质空间与社会网络的整体性保护策略,以期丰富城乡文化遗产保护的理论框架,指导移民搬迁历史城镇的整体性保护规划实践。

In response to the phenomenon of immigration and relocation of historical towns in major national construction projects,Gongtan Ancient Town in Chongqing was selected as a case study to analyze the"social network-spatial"changes in historical cities and towns.The research analyzes the social relationship data of residents from 2006 to 2020 during the settlement period and built a social network topology model for three time points:before,during and after the resettlement.The changes in the density and stability of the social network are calculated using network density and"k-core"indicators.Through the changes in material carriers corresponding to the evolution of kinship,geog raphical,and industrial relationships,the paper reveals the spatial mechanism of social network transformation during the relocation of historical towns.Based on the technical process of"model construction-network structure optimization-planning practice",the paper explores an integrated protection strategy that integrates physical space and social network,to enrich the theoretical framework of historical and cultural heritage protection and guide the integrated protection planning practice of immigrant relocation of historical towns.