从“乡土中国”到“新乡土中国”:农村人际关系变迁探析

From"Rural China"to"New Rural China":An Analysis of the Change of Rural Interpersonal Relations

20世纪末,市场经济的发展,农村基层政权体制的变动以及农村发展的滞后,促使农村人际关系从“乡土中国”开始向“新乡土中国”变迁。“乡土中国”中农村人际关系是以“熟人社会”为人际交往基础,以血缘、地缘为人际交往核心,以“人情”关系为人际联系纽带;“新乡土中国”中农村人际关系是从“熟人社会”向“半熟人社会”和“陌生人社会”的过渡,以“利益关系”为人际交往中心,以人际关系“理性化”为发展趋势。两者的对比研究可以为后乡土中国背景下处理农村人际关系提供重要的理论依据。

At the end of the 20th century,due to the impact of the socialist market economy,changes in the system of rural grassroots power,the lagging nature of rural society and culture,and the transformation of the relationship between the Party and the people and the cadres,rural interpersonal relationships began to change from"vernacular China"to"new vernacular China".In the process of transformation,the characteristics are remarkable.The interpersonal relationships in rural areas in"rural China"are based on"acquaintance society",with blood and local ties as the core of interpersonal interactions and"human feelings"as the ties of interpersonal connections.In"New Rural China",interpersonal relationships in rural areas are transitioning from"acquaintance society"to"semi-acquaintance society"and"stranger society".The transition from"acquaintance society"to"semi-acquaintance society"and"stranger society",with"interest relations"as the center of interpersonal interactions and"rationalization"of interpersonal relations as the development trend.Through a comparative study of the two,providing important theoretical basis for dealing with interpersonal relationships under the background of post-rural China.