火灾环境下消防员安全热暴露距离研究进展

Study progress on safety thermal exposure distance for firefighters in fire environments

为调查安全热暴露距离研究现状,通过文献分析安全热暴露距离发文量、国别分布,并进一步探讨了安全热暴露距离的评价方法与影响因素。结果表明:安全热暴露距离发文量近些年呈快速增长趋势,主要集中在中国、美国等国家;评价方法以模型预测为主,但未有统一化的热通量阈值作为评价依据;现有影响因素研究以火焰与环境为主,较多忽略了服装与人体的影响。未来需提出安全热暴露距离标准化的评价方法,优化模型预测精度,为消防员进行火灾风险评估提供建议。

In order to investigate the state of research on safety thermal exposure distance,the number and country distribution of papers on safety thermal exposure distance were analyzed.In addition,the evaluation method and influencing factor of safety thermal exposure distance were explored.The results showed that the number of safety thermal exposure distance papers showed a rapid increase in recent years.The papers were mainly published in China and the United States.The evaluation methods were mostly based on model prediction,but there were no standardized heat flux thresholds as a basis for evaluation.The flame and the environment were the main influencing factors of safety thermal exposure distance,while the impact of clothing and the human body was often ignored.In order to provide advice of fire risk assessment for firefighters,standardized evaluation methods for safety thermal exposure distance should be proposed and the accuracy of model predictions should be optimized in the future.