“专精特新”中小企业数字化转型关键影响因素识别研究——基于1625家“专精特新”中小企业的调查

Research on Identification of Key Influencing Factors in the Digital Transformation of“Specialized-Elaborative-Characteristic-Innovative”SMEs——Based on the Survey of 1625“Specialized-Elaborative-Characteristic-Innovative”SMEs

本文以1625家“专精特新”中小企业调查数据为样本,研究了“专精特新”中小企业数字化转型关键影响因素。研究发现,目前“专精特新”中小企业数字化转型程度较低,提质增效作用尚不显著;数字化转型程度与企业规模、成长周期、行业类别密切相关。采用结构方程模型的实证结果表明,外部支持、数字化生产要素、数字运营能力是“专精特新”中小企业数字化转型的三大关键影响因素,且影响效应由高到低依次排列。三大关键影响因素的各观测变量因子载荷呈不同高低等级变化,外部支持因素中的供应链数字化水平影响效应最高,而政府政策的影响效应较低;数字化生产要素中资金预算、组织管理影响最直接;数字化运营能力因素中数据要素获取和数字技术创新应用是最重要的间接影响因素。对“专精特新”中小企业数字化转型的关键影响因素进行识别,有利于针对性地提出我国“专精特新”中小企业数字化转型的实现路径。

Based on the survey data of 1625 SMEs,this paper studies the key factors affecting the digital transformation of SMEs that are“Specialized-Elaborative-Characteristic-Innovative”(hereinafter referred to as“SECI”).The study found that at present,the degree of digital transformation of“SECI”SMEs is low,and the effect of improving quality and efficiency is not significant.The degree of digital transformation is closely related to enterprise size,growth cycle and industry category.The empirical results using structural e-quation model show that external support,digital production factors and digital operation capability are the three key factors affecting the digital transformation of“SECI”SMEs,and their effects rank from high to low.The factor loadings of the observable variables of the three key influencing factors shows different levels.A-mong the external support factors,the digital level of the supply chain has the highest impact while the govern-ment policy has the lower impact.Among the digital production factors,the capital budget and organizational management have the most direct impact;Among the digital operation capacity factors,the acquisition of data elements and the innovative application of digital technology are the most important indirect factors.The identi-fication of the key influencing factors of the digital transformation of“SECI”SMEs is conducive to proposing the implementation path of the digital transformation of“SECI”SMEs in China.