基于行为改变轮理论的毒品成瘾防复吸戒治模型构建

Construction of drug relapse prevention and treatment model based on Behaviour Change Wheel Theory

复吸行为是禁戒毒工作的一个关键性问题。对戒毒人员开展防复吸戒治,降低其复吸风险,对于促进社会安定和公共卫生安全具有重要的意义。但是,降低戒毒后的复吸是一个复杂的系统性工程,需要进行生理-心理-家庭-社会等多层面的康复治疗干预。行为改变轮理论(Behaviour Change Wheel,BCW),被广泛应用于临床康复训练领域,取得了较好的效果。这一理论综合了个人、环境与社会政策等多方面的因素来改变和影响某一行为问题,与复吸行为的综合戒治要求具有高度一致性,能较好地应用到戒毒人员复吸行为的康复训练之中。本研究基于行为改变轮理论的原理和操作技术,探索构建甲基苯丙胺戒毒人员防复吸戒治模型,对毒品成瘾的防复吸戒治提出新的思考和戒治模式,可为禁戒毒实务部门提供一种新的工作借鉴。

Relapse behavior is still a key issue in drug prohibition and rehabilitation.Carrying out relapse prevention and treatment for drug addicts,and reducing relapse risk,which is of great significance to promote social stability and public health safety.However,changing the relapse behavior of drug addicts is a complex and systematic project.It is necessary to require multi-level rehabilitation treatment,such as physiology,psychology,family and society et al.Once the Behaviour Change Wheel(BCW)theory was put forward.It has been widely used in the field of medical rehabilitation training and achieved sound effects.This theory integrated various factors such as individual,environmental and social policies to change and affect a certain behavior problem,and it was highly consistented with the comprehensive treatment requirements of relapse behaviour.So it can be better applied to the rehabilitation training of relapse behavior of drug addicts.Our research was based on the principle and operation technology of behavior change wheel theory,in orde to explore the construction of relapse prevention and treatment model for methamphetamine addicts and put forward new ideas and new model of prevention and treatment of drug addiction,which providing a new working reference for the practical departments of drug prohibition and rehabilitation.