土地流转如何影响农业资源配置效率:一个异质性分析

How Do Land Transfers Affect Agricultural Resource Allocation Efficiency:A Heterogeneous Analysis

本文利用2015—2020年国家油菜产业技术体系农户固定观察点面板数据,结合使用两阶段工具变量法和无条件分位数回归模型,控制农户土地流转决策的选择性偏误,分析土地转入和转出对农业资源配置效率的异质性影响,并构建农地资源配置效率指标进行扩展检验。研究表明,农户土地转入和转出行为对农业资源配置效率具有异质性影响。在低分位点(第20和40分位点),土地转入显著提高农业资源配置效率而土地转出无显著影响;在高分位点(第60和80分位点),土地转入和转出对农业资源配置效率均呈显著负向影响。以农地资源配置效率为被解释变量的分析同样支持上述结论。因此,在优化农业资源配置的导向下,鼓励土地流转需要注意流转的对象和方向。

Based on the 2015—2020 farm-level panel data from fixed observation points of the national rapeseed industry technology system,this paper jointly employs the two-stage instrumental variable method and unconditional quantile regression model to control the selection bias of farmers' land transfer decisions and then analyzes the heterogeneous impact of the land transfer on agricultural resource allocation efficiency.The indicator of land resource allocation efficiency is constructed for further analysis.The results show that land renting-in and renting-out exert heterogeneous influence on agricultural resource allocation efficiency.At the low quantiles(20~(th) and 40~(th)),land renting-in significantly improves agricultural resource allocation efficiency,while land renting-out has no significant effect.At the high quantile(60~(th) and 80~(th)),land renting-in and renting-out exert a significant negative impact on agricultural resource allocation efficiency.The analysis with land resource allocation efficiency as the explained variable also supports the above conclusion.Therefore,under the guidance of optimizing agricultural resource allocation,we should pay attention to the object and direction when promoting land transfers.