磁流变阻尼器多物理场耦合的温升特性分析

Analysis of temperature rise characteristics of magnetorheological damper with multi-physics coupling

磁流变阻尼器属于一种能量耗散装置,在使用过程中将振动机械能转化为自身热能,阻尼器力学性能受磁场和温度等因素的影响。建立磁流变阻尼器温度场的数学模型和仿真模型,运用COMSOL仿真计算软件,分析了磁流变阻尼器多物理场耦合下的温升特性,通过改变线圈电流大小、激励振幅和频率,对比研究影响阻尼器温升的原因。仿真结果表明,磁流变阻尼器温升主要来自于磁流变液流动的黏性热,小电流时电磁热对阻尼器温升影响较小,激励信号振幅和频率的变化对阻尼器温升影响较大,一维能量平衡法温度场数学模型仅适用于激励信号时大振幅或大频率工况场合。

Magnetorheological damper was an energy dissipation device that converted vibrational mechanical energy into its own thermal energy during operating. The mechanical properties of the damper were affected by factors such as magnetic field and temperature. The mathematical model and simulation model of the temperature field of the magnetorheological damper were established, and the temperature rise characteristics of the magnetorheological damper with multi-physics coupling are obtained using COMSOL. By changing coil current, amplitude and frequency, the reasons affecting the temperature rise of damper were analyzed. The simulation results showed that the temperature rise of the damper is mainly caused by viscous heat from magnetoelectric fluid flow. The electromagnetic heat has less effect on the temperature rise of the damper at small current, while the change of excitation signal amplitude and frequency can more affect the temperature rise of the damper. One-dimensional energy balance method temperature field mathematical model is only suitable for large excitation amplitude or frequency conditions.