有机生长视角下廊道型乡村旅游地业态空间演化与机制——以皖南川藏线为例

Space Evolution and Mechanism of Corridor Rural Tourism Destinations from the Perspective of Organic Growth:Take Southern Anhui as an Example

文章基于空间数据分析验证一种廊道型乡村旅游地蔓藤有机生长模式,其业态生长可划分为3个阶段:(1)集镇和景区依托阶段,“藤”发育,“枝叶”出现,旅游业态生长主要受居民点距离、景区密度和资源密度影响,有一定接待基础的集镇和景区周边业态集聚明显,廊道主要起过境通勤作用,旅游业态以餐饮和购物为主;(2)景区和主廊辐射阶段,“藤”快速生长,“枝叶”互动频繁,其生长主要受景区密度、资源密度和主廊距离影响,廊道作用开始凸显,随着景区、廊道及节点不断发育,景区周边成为业态集聚核心,并沿主廊向外呈“轴线式”辐射,业态结构“食降住涨”,廊道由过境通勤向旅游目的地转型;(3)支线蔓延阶段,“藤”成熟,“枝干”蔓延,主廊距离成为仅次于景区密度的核心影响因子,业态向支线蔓延明显,支线的空间、生态等价值得到释放,主廊和支线结构分层的生态位显著。总体上,廊道旅游地业态数量呈“波浪型”上升曲线,业态结构由餐饮向住宿等复合多元功能转型提高了廊道旅游地生命韧性。资源、廊道、社会、区位以及自然是其业态生长的决定性因素,资源是业态生长的核心,廊道影响力逐步加强。

Based on spatial data analysis,this study verified a vine organic development model in corridor rural tourism destinations. The tourism industry growth can be divided into three stages: 1) At the stage of towns and scenic spots, "vines" develop and "branches and leaves" appear. The growth of tourism industry is mainly affected by the distance of residential areas,the density of scenic spots and the resource density. Tourism formats obviously cluster around towns and scenic spots which have certain reception bases, corridors mainly play the role of transit commuting, and the tourism formats are mainly catering and shopping. 2) At the radiation stage of scenic spots and main corridors,vines grow rapidly,it has frequent interaction between branches and leaves which is mainly affected by the density of scenic spots,resource density and the distance from main corridors, and corridor factors begin to become prominent. With the continuous development of scenic spots, corridors and corridor nodes, the periphery of scenic spots becomes the core of business agglomeration, and radiates outward along the main corridors in an "axial" way, with the structure of "catering industry falling and accommodation industry rising",and the corridor changes from transit commuting to tourist destinations. 3) At the stage of the branch line spreading,vines mature,branches spread,and the distance from the main corridor becomes the core influencing factor after the density of scenic spots. Tourism industries obviously spread to the branch line,the space and ecology of the branch line are released,and the niche of the main corridor and the branch line structure is obvious. On the whole, the industry agglomeration of corridor tourist destinations shows a wave-like upward curve. Compound and multiple transformation of business structure from catering to accommodation has improved the life resilience of corridor tourism destinations. Resources,corridor,society,location and nature are the decisive factors for the growth of its format.Resource is the core of its format growth,and the influence of corridor is gradually strengthened.