鸽乳成分及催乳素的调控作用

Pigeon milk nutrients and the regulatory role of prolactin

鸽乳(pigeon milk, PM)是鸽子的嗉囊中产生的一种凝乳状的营养物质,主要由蛋白质、脂肪等营养物质组成,这种高能量高蛋白的营养物质是雏鸽唯一的营养来源。鸽乳的哺喂是由雌雄亲鸽共同完成的,在繁育期间,雌雄双亲的嗉囊受催乳素的调控,使得嗉囊的黏膜层发生细胞增生、变性,并从细胞壁上脱落,最终汇集形成浓稠状的鸽乳。文章综述了鸽乳的主要组成成分,以及在催乳素的调控作用下鸽乳中相关营养物质的合成与调节变化,以期为提高种鸽的泌乳能力及进行人工鸽乳的研发提供参考。

Pigeon milk(PM) is a kind of curdling nutrient produced by pigeon crop, which is mainly composed of nutrients such as protein and fat. The high-energy and high-protein nutrients are the only nutrition source of young pigeons. The feeding of PM is completed by both male and female parent pigeons. During the breeding period, the crop of both male and female parents is regulated by prolactin, and the cells proliferate, degenerate and fall off from the cell wall in the mucous layer of the crop, and finally gather into a thick PM. This paper reviewed the main nutrients of PM and the synthesis and regulation changes of related nutrients in PM under the regulation of prolactin to provide a reference for improving the lactation ability of breeding pigeons and the research and development of artificial PM.