抑郁症大学生对情绪面孔的识别与再认研究

A study on distinction and recognition of emotional faces among college students suffered from depression

目的研究抑郁症大学生对不同情绪面孔的识别与再认情况。方法设计两个实验任务,以抑郁倾向和健康大学生为对照组,选取抑郁症、抑郁倾向和健康大学生各15名,让其观看图片并对情绪面孔图片进行判断。实验1比较三组大学生对正性、中性和负性情绪面孔的识别情况,实验2在实验1的基础上,探讨三组大学生对不同情绪面孔的再认情况。结果三组对愉快面孔识别的反应时显著短于平静和悲伤面孔(P=0.01、P<0.001),对悲伤面孔识别的正确率显著低于愉快和平静面孔(P<0.001、P=0.01);三组对悲伤面孔再认的反应时显著长于愉快和平静面孔(P=0.009、P=0.004),而对悲伤面孔再认的正确率显著高于愉快和平静面孔(P=0.005、P<0.001);抑郁症组对悲伤面孔识别的正确率与再认不存在显著差异(P>0.05),但对另外两种情绪及另外两组对三种情绪面孔识别的正确率显著高于再认的正确率(均P<0.05)。结论三组大学生对不同情绪面孔的识别与再认特点不同,抑郁症大学生对悲伤面孔出现了一定的负性偏向。

Objective To explore the distinction and recognition of different emotional faces among college students suffered from depression.Methods Two experimental tasks were designed,15 college students with depression,15 students with depression tendency and 15 normal college students were enrolled in the study,and all the students were asked to watch the pictures and judge the pictures of emotional faces.Experiment 1 explored the distinction of positive,neutral and negative emotional faces by three groups of college students.Experiment 2,on the basis of experiment 1,explored the recognition on different emotions faces of the three groups of college students.Results The response time of the three groups to the distinction of happy faces was significantly shorter than that of calm and sad faces(P=0.01,P<0.001),and the accuracy of recognition of sad faces was significantly lower than that of happy and calm faces(P<0.001,P=0.01).The responses time of the three groups to the recognition of sad faces were significantly longer than happy and calm faces(P=0.009,P=0.004),and the accuracy of sad faces was significantly higher than that of happy and calm faces(P=0.005,P<0.001).There was no significant difference in the accuracy and recognition of sad faces in the depression group(P>0.05),but for the other two emotions and the other two groups for the three emotional faces were significant differences in the distinction and recognition accuracy of emotional faces(P<0.05).Conclusions Three groups of college students have different characteristics in distinction and recognition of different emotional faces.Depression college students have a certain negative bias towards sad faces.